Understanding the period of transition

the period of the post-socialist development or the The historical moment that the states went through, is usually called as transition period. Within the western doctrine, it was even constituted a direction of scientific research called “transitology” and the researchers “specialistes du poste”- specialists in the field of “post-communism”, who, previously were preoccupied by “sovietology”
These notions indicate, on one hand, the departure point, highlighting that situation which remained in the past or which the society tends to abandon. On the other hand, they settle the still unstable character of the social relations, the bivalence of the social processes within the transition period, fact which raises a scientific interest and requires a special investigation.
Certainly, many points of view have been expressed regarding the notion of the transition period. Thus, some authors defined it as “being a special phase in the development of the society, accompanied by the enlightenment of a new system of economical and political relations, in the same time upon the society a certain category of factors making pressure -social premises “inherited” from the previous political system Getting out of the common typology, the states have been grouped according to the criterion of the purposes and tasks of the society’s contents within a certain stage and according to the specific issues of some states.
From this point of view, three groups of states can be studied, which either have overcome, or are still in the transition period. Comparatively, the passage from totalitarianism to a democratic state is analyzed in Germany, Spain, Portugal, the passage from a “real socialism” in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Poland, Bulgaria and Romania; the passage under the influence of the centrifugal forces of the Soviet Union former republics towards sovereignty and democratic independence.
What is common to all the above mentioned states is the fact that, previous to the transition period, the transformation or the abolition of the totalitarian political system had preceded.
The specificity of the transition period in Germany, Spain, Portugal was different, compared to other European states, where the passage from totalitarianism or from the authoritative state, generally, boiled down to the transformation of the political system within the frame of the democratic processes and practically didn’t alter substantially the economical system, although this field also underwent major changes

The democratic traditions well kept within the social conscience played also an essential role, not taking into account the more or less prolonged period of the existence of the totalitarian regime.
It cannot be ignored neither the level of the political culture, which settled down throughout the decades, the open character of the society, nor the common tendencies towards Europe’s democratization. All this could not but to be reflected on the relatively short duration of the transition period in these states.
The transition period in some of the Eastern Europe’s states, except the fact that it hasn’t finished yet, also, is characterized by some specific features. First of all, the change of the economic and politic systems, didn’t take place evolutionally, but revolutionary.
It is worth mentioning the fact that, a specific thing for these states is the tendency of rejection of the former system, rendered unbearable, which considered the property as being one of the states. In fact, even from the first steps of the changes made during the transition period, the totalitarian political regime of a certain party collapsed.
The effects of the reorganization of the political power in the states of the Central and Eastern Europe allow us to notice the fact that, the peoples kept their fidelity towards the hierarchy of the values inherited from the democratic past, previous to the setting up of the communism, values specific to the European civilization.

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